Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)

A water-soluble vitamin essential for red blood cell formation, nerve function, and DNA synthesis.

What is Cyanocobalamin?

Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of Vitamin B12, an essential water-soluble vitamin required for normal brain function and healthy blood formation.

It is commonly used in supplements and injections.

History & Background

Vitamin B12 was discovered during research on pernicious anemia, a fatal condition before effective treatment became available.

Chemical Structure & Properties

• Molecular formula: C₆₃H₈₈CoN₁₄O₁₄P
• Molar mass: 1355.37 g/mol
• Metal ion: Cobalt (Co)
• Nature: Corrinoid compound

Mechanism of Action

Vitamin B12 functions by:

• Supporting DNA synthesis
• Maintaining myelin sheath of nerves
• Helping red blood cell maturation

Health Benefits & Uses

• Prevention and treatment of B12 deficiency
• Pernicious anemia
• Neuropathy and nerve disorders
• Support for brain and memory function

Dosage Guidelines

Adults: 2.4 mcg/day

Therapeutic doses: 500–1500 mcg/day (oral) or injections

⚠️ Excess intake is generally safe due to water solubility.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

• Megaloblastic anemia
• Numbness and tingling
• Memory problems
• Fatigue and weakness

Side Effects

• Mild diarrhea
• Injection site pain (injectable form)
• Rare allergic reactions

Frequently Asked Questions

Is vitamin B12 water-soluble? – Yes.

Is it safe long-term? – Yes.

Do vegetarians need supplements? – Often, yes.

Is injection better than tablets? – In severe deficiency.

⚠️ Educational content only. Not a substitute for professional medical advice.