Telmisartan

A long-acting angiotensin II receptor blocker with cardiovascular benefits.

What is Telmisartan?

Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used primarily to treat hypertension and reduce cardiovascular risk.

It has one of the longest half-lives among ARBs, allowing once-daily dosing.

History & Background

Telmisartan was developed as a highly lipophilic ARB with additional metabolic and cardiovascular protective properties.

Chemical Structure & Properties

• IUPAC name: 4'-[(1,4'-dimethyl-2-propyl[2,6'-bi-1H-benzimidazol]-1'-yl)methyl]-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
• Molecular formula: C₃₃H₃₀N₄O₂
• Molar mass: 514.62 g/mol
• Functional groups: Benzimidazole, carboxylic acid, aromatic rings

Mechanism of Action

Telmisartan lowers blood pressure by:

• Blocking AT₁ receptors
• Preventing vasoconstriction
• Reducing aldosterone secretion

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Moderate oral absorption
• Peak plasma time: 0.5–1 hour
• Half-life: ~24 hours
• Metabolism: Minimal hepatic metabolism
• Excretion: Feces (major)

Medical Uses

• Hypertension
• Cardiovascular risk reduction
• Patients intolerant to ACE inhibitors

Dosage Guidelines

Adults: 20–80 mg once daily

Typical dose: 40 mg daily

⚠️ Monitor blood pressure, kidney function, and potassium.

Side Effects

• Dizziness
• Hypotension
• Hyperkalemia
• Fatigue

Warnings & Precautions

• Contraindicated in pregnancy
• Use caution in renal artery stenosis
• Avoid potassium supplements unless advised

Drug Interactions

• Potassium-sparing diuretics
• NSAIDs
• Lithium

Frequently Asked Questions

Does telmisartan cause cough? – No.

Is it long-acting? – Yes.

Is it kidney-protective? – Yes.

Can it be used long-term? – Yes.

⚠️ Educational content only. Not a substitute for professional medical advice.